Primary Evans Syndrome with Concurrent Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Rare Autoimmune Hematological Challenge
Brahma Kumar Bhattacharya
Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal India.
Dawit Dires
Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Arghadip Das
Nilratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.
Besufikad Girma
Dambi Dollo University Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
Niragh Sikdar *
Medical College and Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Evans syndrome exists as a rare autoimmune condition that combines autoimmune hemolytic anemia with immune thrombocytopenia which can occur simultaneously or in sequence. A 43-year-old female with multiple comorbidities received successful Evans syndrome management which added valuable information to diagnostic methods and treatment results in the literature. The patient exhibited severe shortness of breath together with palpitations, syncope and jaundice which presented classical features of both hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Medical professionals diagnosed primary Evans syndrome through systematic investigation which excluded secondary causes and treated it successfully with corticosteroids leading to improved hematological results. The treatment of Evans syndrome requires systematic diagnostic procedures followed by immediate appropriate therapy according to this case.
Keywords: Evans syndrome, autoimmune hemolytic anaemia, immune thrombocytopenia, corticosteroid therapy, case report